Livening up a hairstyle by chemically altering the hair to wild curls is called a permanent wave or a perm. Millions of people alter the texture of their hair with chemicals every year, whether it be coloring, chemically straightening or perming.
What is a Perm?
Chemicals are used to break and reform the chemical makeup of the hair. The hair is then washed and wrapped around a perm rod to hold the shape the hair is going to take. A waving lotion is applied that contains ammonium thioglycolate. This raises the cuticle layer and breaks the chemical bonds. After the waving lotion has processed, it is rinsed away and the perming rods are blotted for extra water. Neutralizer is applied to reform the chemical bonds and set the new curl. The neutralizer is rinsed and the rods are removed. The hair can be styled as desired.
Is it Safe to Perm Color-Treated Hair?
Perms are available in formulas for color treated hair. However, always do a strand test before committing all your locks. The stylist can do this for you in 20 minutes. This test will indicate if the perming chemicals will burn your hair. A tip to help figure out your hair condition is to put strands into a glass of water. If the strands sink, your hair is damaged and is soaking up water. If your hair floats, it is healthy and can be permed.
How Long Does a Perm Last?
A perm is a permanent chemical change to the hair, but will not affect new hair that grows in. To keep your curly style to the roots you will probably need a touch-up in six to eight weeks.
When Can I Shampoo My Hair?
Be patient and take your stylist's advice on this one. Some stylists recommend up to three days, but most will recommend 24 hours. It all depends on your hair, and your stylist will know how long you should wait.
How Do I Maintain My New Curls?
Make sure you shampoo and condition your hair with formula for permed hair. Never rub your hair dry with a towel, always blot it or pat it down. Use an anti-frizz formula and a detangler to keep your locks frizz free and untangled. At first, use your fingers to separate your curls. Then run a wide-tooth comb through your hair. Never brush curly hair. If you use a hairdryer, make sure you use the cool setting and a diffuser attachment. It is better to let the hair naturally dry.
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